ASCO现场直击丨Niels van de Donk教授:三抗JNJ-5322四大优势赋能R/R MM治疗领域

血液时讯 发表时间:2025/8/12 12:04:59

编者按:在2025年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会上,阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心(VU University Medical Center)Niels van de Donk教授以口头报告(摘要号:S100)形式汇报了一项新型三特异性抗体(TsAb)在复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(R/R MM)患者中的首次人体研究的初步Ⅰ期结果。《肿瘤瞭望-血液时讯》现场特邀Niels van de Donk教授就研究成果与临床意义进行深入探讨,现整理如下,以飨读者。



《肿瘤瞭望-血液时讯》作为一项首次人体研究,您如何评价JNJ-5322在疗效方面的突破,尤其是在抗BCMA/-GPRC5D治疗新患者中实现100%总缓解率?

 

Niels van de Donk:在既往接受过蛋白酶体抑制剂、免疫调节剂和CD38抗体三类药物治疗,但未使用过BCMA/GPRC5D靶向疗法的患者中,推荐II期剂量(100 mg)的三特异性抗体JNJ-5322实现了100%的总缓解率。值得关注的是,其缓解深度显著:70%患者达到完全缓解(CR),96%患者获得非常好的部分缓解(VGPR),一年无进展生存率(PFS)达95%。这一疗效可媲美目前最优的CAR-T细胞疗法,且优于单靶点双特异性抗体。尽管需延长随访时间并纳入更多患者,但初步数据极具前景,结合其可控的安全性特征,支持将JNJ-5322推进至更早期治疗阶段,包括新诊断的患者。

 

Oncology Frontier-Hematology Frontier:As a first-in-human study, how would you evaluate the efficacy breakthrough of JNJ-5322, especially achieving a 100% overall response rate in patients naïve to anti-BCMA/-GPRC5D therapies?

 

Niels van de Donk: So I showed indeed, in a population of patients that was triple-class exposed, so exposed to proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, CD38 antibodies, but naive for BCMA and GPRC5D targeted therapies, that we achieve at the recommended phase 2 dose of 100 milligrams of the trispecific antibody JNJ-5322.We achieve 100% response rate.But these responses were not only very high, but also very deep. So, 70% of the patients so far achieved complete remission, and 96% of the patients had a very good partial response.So, very deep remissions, and they translate into very promising progression-free survival of 95% at one year.So, these results are very promising.We need longer follow-up, we need more patients, but they are comparable what you can achieve with CAR T-cell therapy, with the best CAR T-cell therapies. They are better than what you can achieve with a single targeting bispecific antibody.So, we are very happy with these results, also with the manageable safety profile. And because of these promising results, we are also bringing this compound to earlier lines of therapy, including newly diagnosed disease.
 

《肿瘤瞭望-血液时讯》本研究采用了一步剂量递增策略来减轻细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)的发生,您能否进一步阐述该策略在患者安全性管理中的意义?

 

Niels van de Donk:推荐剂量方案中,单次5 mg剂量递增式给药实现了可控的安全性。未预防性使用托珠单抗时,CRS发生率约60%,均为1-2级,无≥3级事件;而在剂量递增式给药前预防性使用托珠单抗的队列中,CRS率降至20%。该策略使门诊给药成为可能,避免了住院治疗,可有效提升患者便利性并节约医疗资源。该策略为三特异性抗体的门诊适用性治疗开辟了重要路径。

 

Oncology Frontier-Hematology Frontier:The study adopted a single step-up dosing strategy to mitigate cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Could you elaborate on the significance of this approach in managing patient safety?

 

Niels van de Donk: So at the recommended dose, we give only one step-up dose of 5 milligrams. And with that, we have a very manageable safety profile, including CRS rate. CRS without the use of prophylactic tocilizumab was approximately 60%.And all the cases were either grade 1, and some cases were grade 2, but no grade 3 or higher CRS events.And we also had a cohort of patients which we gave prophylactic tocilizumab prior to the first step-up dose. And with that, the CRS rate is only 20%.So with this CRS profile, it will become easier to treat the patients outpatient without admitting them to the hospital.And this is of course much more, well, it's easier for the patients, it's also easier for the doctors. We do not need to occupy beds.So I think this paves the way to outpatient dosing for patients that receive this trispecific.
 

《肿瘤瞭望-血液时讯》与目前已有的双特异性抗体或CAR-T疗法相比,您认为JNJ-5322的三特异性设计在哪些方面具有独特优势?

 

Niels van de Donk:与目前现有的双特异性抗体或CAR-T疗法相比,JNJ-5322的三特异性设计具有独特的优势。首先,该药物可以每四周给药一次,而通常情况下,双特异性抗体在初始阶段至少需要每周给药一次。相比之下,JNJ-5322的给药周期无疑为患者带来了极大的便利。其次,与双特异性抗体相比,JNJ-5322的缓解率更高,达到100%,而双特异性抗体的缓解率目前约为60%至70%。并且,与双特异性抗体相比,其缓解持久性也更长。此外,JNJ-5322所达到的缓解率与目前最佳的CAR-T疗法相当。然而,与目前需要较长时间个体化制备的CAR-T疗法不同,JNJ-5322具备“现货型”优势,一旦需要药物,便可立即开始治疗,无需等待。

 

Oncology Frontier-Hematology Frontier:Compared to currently available bispecific antibodies or CAR-T therapies, what unique advantages do you see in the trispecific design of JNJ-5322?

 

Niels van de Donk: so the good point about JNJ-5322 is that you can give it every four weeks.So typically, bispecific antibodies need to be given in the beginning at least every week.This is four weeks. So dosing every four weeks, which is very convenient for the patients.Also, the response rate is higher than what we see with bispecifics. 100% response rate versus 60 to 70%.And also the durability of the responses is longer compared to bispecifics.And I think the response rate that we achieve with the trispecific is comparable to what we achieve with CAR-T at the moment, with the best CAR-Ts at the moment.But the trispecific is off-the-shelf available. So you can start treatment as soon as,well, you need the drug. There is no need for a long manufacturing time.

 

《肿瘤瞭望-血液时讯》未来在临床应用和治疗路径中,您如何设想JNJ-5322的定位?它是否有潜力成为复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤患者的一线治疗选择?

 

Niels van de Donk:展望未来,基于JNJ-5322所展现出的令人鼓舞的疗效以及可控的安全性,目前研究团队正在评估多种联合治疗策略。例如,目前正在研究JNJ-5322与达雷妥尤单抗(daratumumab)以及泊马度胺的联合应用,相关研究涵盖了更早期的治疗阶段以及早期复发/耐药的治疗领域。同时,研究团队也已在新诊断的患者群体中开展了治疗,希望能够将这一有效的药物分子应用于更早期的治疗阶段,包括新诊断的多发性骨髓瘤患者。当然,目前这些试验仍在进行中,或许明年将能够从这些研究队列中获得更多的成果数据。

 

Oncology Frontier-Hematology Frontier:Looking ahead, how do you envision the clinical positioning of JNJ-5322? Do you see potential for it to become a frontline treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma?

 

Niels van de Donk:So based on the promising efficacy and manageable safety results, we are now evaluating, in fact, already combination strategies. So JNJ-5322 in combination with daratumumab is being evaluated, in combination with pomalidomide is evaluated, in earlier lines of therapy, in in early relapse refractory space.But we are also treating the first patients in the newly diagnosed space.So we hope to move this effective molecule to earlier lines of therapy, including newly diagnosed disease.But still, these trials are still ongoing. So maybe next year we will have more results from these cohorts.

 

研究摘要

 

新一代三特异性抗体JNJ-79635322(JNJ-5322)治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(RRMM)患者的首次人体研究:I期初步结果

First-in-human study of JNJ-79635322 (JNJ-5322), a novel, next-generation trispecific antibody (TsAb), in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM): Initial phase 1 results.

背景:双特异性抗体(BsAbs)正逐步改变多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的治疗结局。新近研究表明,通过T细胞重定向技术同时靶向两种MM抗原可克服肿瘤异质性和获得性耐药,进而改善临床预后。JNJ-5322作为新一代三特异性抗体(TsAb),通过T细胞重定向同时靶向BCMA与GPRC5D,其创新结合域(包括经体外筛选的低亲和力CD3结构域)可增强肿瘤靶向效应并降低脱靶毒性。本文报告JNJ-5322正在进行的I期研究(NCT05652335)的初步数据。
 

方法:在剂量递增/扩展队列中,入组既往接受过蛋白酶体抑制剂、免疫调节剂和抗CD38单抗治疗且存在可测量病灶的RRMM患者。探索了递增剂量的固定双周(Q2W)或四周(Q4W)皮下注射方案(0.4–300 mg),其中100 mg Q4W为拟定的推荐II期剂量(RP2D)。患者在接受100 mg Q4W剂量前需注射5 mg阶梯剂量(SUD),以加速全剂量给药进程并降低细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)风险。不良事件(AEs)按CTCAE v5.0分级;CRS与免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征(ICANS)依据ASTCT指南分级。总体缓解率(ORR)采用IMWG标准评估。
 

结果:截至2025年1月15日,共126例患者接受JNJ-5322治疗(其中36例接受100 mg Q4W方案);中位随访时间(mFU)8.2个月。患者中位年龄64岁;中位既往治疗线数4线;100%为三重暴露(56%为三重耐药);31%存在高危细胞遗传学异常;23%既往接受过抗BCMA/GPRC5D治疗(77%为靶向初治)。拟定RP2D为100 mg Q4W。

 

总体99%患者发生≥1项AE,最常见包括:CRS(59%;均为1级[45%]/2级[14%],无≥3级)、指甲毒性(1/2级56%)、味觉障碍(1/2级56%)、中性粒细胞减少(48%;3/4级41%)及非皮疹性皮肤毒性(47%;3/4级1%)。此外,16%出现体重下降(无≥3级),16%发生皮疹(无≥3级),2%出现ICANS(均为1级),75%发生感染(3/4级28%)。5例患者出现剂量限制性毒性;4例患者因AE死亡。
 

在可评估缓解的患者中,RP2D剂量组(n=36)ORR达86%(≥非常好的部分缓解率[≥VGPR]75%),总体ORR(n=124)为73%(≥VGPR 66%)。在抗BCMA/GPRC5D靶向初治患者中,RP2D剂量组ORR达100%(≥VGPR 89%,n=27),所有患者持续缓解(mFU 8.5月)。首次缓解中位时间为1.2个月。

 

结论:作为新一代双抗原T细胞重定向TsAb的最大规模数据集,JNJ-5322的首次临床数据显示:在抗BCMA/GPRC5D初治患者中,采用便利的Q4W给药方案于拟定RP2D剂量下实现100% ORR。其耐受性显著改善——相较于抗GPRC5D双抗,GPRC5D相关AE发生率和严重度降低,3/4级感染率可控;采用单次阶梯剂量策略后,CRS主要为1级(无≥3级)。JNJ-5322的初步数据预示治疗模式转变:其ORR媲美CAR-T疗法,同时具备"即用型"特性,适于门诊给药。

 

专家简介

 

Niels van de Donk教授

阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心血液学教授

研究兴趣在于多发性骨髓瘤患者的治疗。他是多项研究者发起研究的首席研究员。此外,他还参与转化研究,旨在寻找新的治疗靶点,并专注于免疫疗法。他还参与了临床前研究以及早期(首次人体试验)和后期临床试验中新药的评估,包括对抗体、双特异性抗体、抗体-药物偶联物、CAR-T 细胞以及下一代免疫调节药物(IMiD和CELMoD)的研究。他的另一项研究兴趣是通过体外分析结合免疫监测研究,深入了解免疫治疗药物的作用方式和耐药机制。还是多部著作的作者或合著者,并在同行评议期刊上发表过多篇论文。他还是HOVON多发性骨髓瘤工作组秘书和欧洲骨髓瘤网络科学秘书。自2018年起,他担任欧洲骨髓瘤网络科学计划委员会委员。

版面编辑:张冉   责任编辑:崔沙沙
本内容仅供医学专业人士参考
相关搜索:  骨髓瘤

发表评论

提交评论
  • 相关推荐
  • 学术领域